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              <text>&lt;a href="https://archive.org/details/middleburyNewspapers_1993-05-06/page/n2/mode/1up"&gt;See full article &lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Rally creates forum for discussion</text>
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                <text>Rally for Unity organized by Christine Gresser '93 and Eric Sevigny '93 following rising tensions on campus. The purpose of the rally was to provide a forum for discussions about stereotyping and hostility between students at Middlebury. </text>
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                <text>Allison Gray </text>
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              <text>&lt;a href="https://archive.org/details/middleburyNewspapers_1993-03-18/page/n6/mode/1up"&gt;See full article &lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Cultural events are open and plentiful</text>
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                <text>Student op-ed response to the op-eds by Beth Tuttle. Danielle Berry identifies how Middlebury has a plethora of avenues that white students could have utilized to familiarise themselves with African-American culture (classes, cultural organizations, MCAB events), and that their ignorance is self-produced. </text>
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                <text>Volume 91, Number 19 </text>
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                <text> Danielle Berry</text>
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                <text>03/18/1993</text>
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              <text>&lt;a href="https://archive.org/details/middleburyNewspapers_1993-03-04/page/n8/mode/1up"&gt;See full article &lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Minorities don't encourage exchange </text>
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                <text>The author argues that "minority" students need to make more of an effort to interact with white students, to stop "keeping to themselves all of the time", and generally be more conducive to helping white students "learn about minority cultures". The author blames white ignorance of "minority culture" on the BIPOC students who apparently need to be more open to educating white students.</text>
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                <text>Volume 91, Number 17 </text>
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                <text>Beth Tuttle</text>
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                <text>The Campus </text>
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                <text>Beth Tuttle</text>
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                <text>"Because of my personal experience with minorities, albeit limited at best, I would encourage people who are criticizing Ms. Berry for being ignorant to take a look at the minorities from whom she must learn. If they are giving signals to her as they gave to me, I don't blame her for being ignorant."</text>
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              <text>&lt;a href="https://archive.org/details/middleburyNewspapers_1993-03-04/page/n6/mode/1up"&gt;See full article &lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>College segregation is a personal choice</text>
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                <text>Student op-ed takes offense with comments made in Op-ed by Roshun Austin. The author (who is African-American identifying) feels that African-Americans should NOT be afforded reparations for genocide/slavery/oppression. </text>
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                <text>Ian Bolden </text>
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                <text>Ian Bolden </text>
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                <text>"I do not think anyone should owe me anything for something that their grandparent, or their cousin for that matter, may have done. Furthermore, how my grandfather was treated does not concern me nearly as much as how my children will be treated. Let's face it: the dead are dead, whether they were the oppressors or the oppressed."</text>
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              <text>&lt;a href="https://archive.org/details/middleburyNewspapers_1993-01-25/page/n7/mode/1up"&gt;See full article &lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Racism is the direct cause of domestic inner-city problems</text>
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                <text>Student reflects on his time studying the NYC public school system, where he spent 2.5 weeks working in a high school in the Bronx, NY. The author identifies racism as the core problem that is causing many inner-city domestic problems. The author then states that problems such as food insecurity, lack of educational resources, school overcrowding, etc. in inner-city neighborhoods have not received national attention, because of their racial makeup tending to be majority Black and Latinx.</text>
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                <text>Volume 91, Number 16 </text>
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                <text>Topher Smith</text>
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                <text>Student op-ed identifies the fact that Middlebury offers no courses that are solely about Native American/Indigenous cultures and the historical/contemporary oppression and genocides that America was complicit in. </text>
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                <text>"Even the American Civilization department has dropped its class that focused on Native Americans that was offered last year."&#13;
&#13;
"Middlebury, if it wishes to retain the title of a socially conscientious institution, must teach its members about the disgrace Americans prefer to ignore."</text>
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              <text>&lt;a href="https://archive.org/details/middleburyNewspapers_1993-01-25/page/n4/mode/1up"&gt;See full article &lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Student op-ed that voiced disapproval of MLK-like calls for "unity" and "integration", because of their lack of feasibility, and the fact that it does nothing to fix the SES that disproportionately affect African-Americans. This op-ed is a call to "revitalize [African-American] identity", instead of trying to achieve the identity that is expected by the white mainstream. </text>
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                <text>"We believe that creating or own systems, selecting our own leaders, and solving our own social problems are the means by which to obtain our liberation."</text>
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              <text>&lt;a href="https://archive.org/details/middleburyNewspapers_1993-01-18/page/n3/mode/1up"&gt;See full article&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Student's opinion of diversity is ignorant and unjustified </text>
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                <text>The author of this op-ed criticizes an op-ed written by student Danielle Berry, where Berry argued that white students at Middlebury are being "discriminated" against because of events like Alumni of Color Weekend and student's racial self-segregation ("....how many non-minority students live in Fletcher House?"). The author responds to this by calling out the fact that these complaints minimize the importance of community events for BIPOC students within a school that is predominantly white. As for racial segregation, the author argues that it is understandable that students seek out others who "share common bonds and similar experiences". Finally, the author says that white Middlebury students have to stop expecting BIPOC students to make their few "safe" spaces more conducive to whiteness. </text>
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                <text>Volume 91, Number 15</text>
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                <text>Jennifer Petrucione</text>
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              <text>&lt;a href="https://archive.org/details/middleburyNewspapers_1992-12-03/page/n1/mode/1up"&gt;See full article&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Middlebury torn and united by the issues of 1992</text>
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                <text>Summary of the controversial issues on campus in the year 1992. Touches on Leroy Nesbitt's appointment as the Special Assistant to the President for minority affairs. Touches on how "Diversity and multiculturalism have been the cause of debate, protest, and education in campus."</text>
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                <text>Volume 91, Number 12</text>
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                <text>Jon Baronowski</text>
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                <text>12/3/1992</text>
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              <text>&lt;a href="https://archive.org/details/middleburyNewspapers_1992-12-03"&gt;See full article &lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Diversity is subject of federal study </text>
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          <element elementId="49">
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                <text>According to a US Civil Rights Commission draft report, Middlebury is further along in fostering racial equality on campus than UVM.</text>
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                <text>Volume 91, Number 12</text>
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                <text>Greg Lewicki </text>
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            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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              <text>&lt;a href="https://archive.org/details/middleburyNewspapers_1992-11-19/page/n6/mode/1up"&gt;See full article &lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Workshop addresses hair needs of African American students</text>
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                <text>A hair care workshop was held at Middlebury's Le Salon de Vie, that was meant to acknowledge the growing number of African-Americans in Vermont and attempt to educate the hair stylists on their unique hairstyling needs. This lack of hair stylists in Middlebury, VT who are familiar with curly/coily hair has resulted in many students traveling to Burlington, VT to get their hair done. Professional hairstylists who were familiar with curly/coily hair came to teach stylists at La Salon de Vie, using Middlebury College students as volunteers. </text>
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                <text>Volume 91, Number 11</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
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                <text>Julie Birnbaum </text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="3599">
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                <text>Professor Janine Clookey creates a 17-course cluster focusing on issues of diversity at Middlebury for the 1993 Winter Term. Each course will have individualized academic content and will have a real-world application component. Clookey hopes that this will spark "an immediate sense of community among the students". Some of the courses include Coyote to Raven and Peyote to Totema: The Natural World of Native Americans, Afro-Caribbean Writers, Ethnic Chicago, and Bias in the Study of Psychology. </text>
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                <text>"'We have a purpose of bringing issues of diversity to the surface of the student population. We all, in order to be comfortable here, need to have our issues and our identity more out in the open just so we can be more at home."</text>
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                <text>A publication in the satirical "Crampus" newspaper provoked a significant backlash and student criticism. This is coverage of a panel where the three editors of the Crampus heard the criticisms of their publications and tried to justify their actions. The publication that caused so much controversy was a picture of Bob Marley smoking marijuana, with the caption "official endorsement".  Students explained how this was a mockery/trivialization of  "Jamaican religion, people, and culture", as well as spoke to the newspaper's broader trend of stereotyping and alienation under the guise of satire. Critics felt that The Crampus staff should have consulted student organizations that took offense to the image prior to publishing. The Crampus editor Jeff Bushell '94 responded:"'It is not fair to expect us... to consult' every single group that might possibly be offended by a particular article". </text>
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                <text>Greg Lewicki </text>
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                <text>Jeff Bushell '94- Editor in Chief of The Crampus&#13;
Matt Goebel '94- Associate Editor of The Crampus&#13;
Sid Williamson '94- Associate Editor of The Crampus&#13;
Rachel Allen '93- panelist participant &#13;
Carolyn Ramos '93- panelist participant &#13;
Christian Parker '93- panelist participant &#13;
Arlinda Ardister- Associate Dean of Students </text>
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                <text>"Carolyn Ramos '93 criticized The Crampus for a perceived lack of tolerance. 'You need to fine-tune yourselves... especially in terms of tolerance...you are creating an [intolerant] environment.'"&#13;
&#13;
"Christian Parker '93 spoke on the issue of stereotypes. 'What you have written with the intent of parodying [has served] to reinforce stereotypes... you should avoid attacking individual organizations'"&#13;
&#13;
"Arlinda Ardister, Associate Dean of Students... also contributed to the dialogue. 'When people in power make jokes about the people without power it's funny to the [powerful] but not to the [powerless]... you really can't disagree with the way that someone feels... I don't feel that you are listening to what people say they're experiencing."</text>
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              <text>&lt;a href="https://archive.org/details/middleburyNewspapers_1992-09-24/page/n17/mode/1up"&gt;See full article &lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>A racial slur was written on an African-American first-year student's dorm room door. </text>
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              <text>&lt;a href="https://archive.org/details/middleburyNewspapers_1992-09-10"&gt;See full article &lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Leroy Nesbitt '82 is appointed to the position of special assistant to the president for minority affairs. Members of various student organizations expressed concern with Nesbitt's lack of experience/education on Latinx and Asian-American "issues", but apparently has taken steps to educate himself. Nesbitt was endorsed by the President of the AAA. According to Nesbitt, an alumnus of Middlebury, "Things are better in my view. There are more resources that are devoted to diversity". Nesbitt also stated that he plans to focus significantly on recruitment and retention of students and faculty of color. </text>
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